It refers to the properties of adhesives related to bonding operations, including adhesive preparation, application, drying (or "open time"), curing conditions, etc. It also serves as an evaluation of the ease or difficulty of bonding operations. As mentioned earlier, multi-component adhesives need to be prepared on-site; chemically reactive adhesives have temperature requirements for the curing reaction; solvent-based adhesives require a period of drying after application to allow solvents to evaporate before bonding can be performed. These aspects must be clarified when selecting and using adhesives to ensure the bonding effect.